Moisturizers

       January 1, 0000    1986

 

Moisturizers are a mixture of complex chemical agents especially made to increase the water content and thus soften the outer skin of hands. Commercial skin moisturizers contain natural as well as artificial oils, lubricants and various other components along with naturally available skin lipids and sterols. Moisturizers can also be prepared at home.

Instead of just imparting or restoring normal levels of hydration to the skin, moisturizers can be used for several additional direct or indirect effects, including building a barrier against the loss of water through the skin, repairing scaly, damaged or dry skin due to external environmental conditions or internal changes repairing or postponing the aging effects on the skin.Moisturizers not only heal and prevent dry, scaly skin, but they can also be ued to block harmful UV rays.

Mechanism of action:

Moisturizers act on the most external layer of the skin. Most of the agents present in moisturizers are unable to penetrate these deeper layers such as dermis and hypodermis. Evaporative loss of water of the skin increase in certain circumstances, especially if relative air humidity is decreased. The remaining two-thirds of water content are part of the biological tissue. Usually it does not change in non-pathological conditions. Impairment of the bound fraction may occur in response to endogenous or exogenous conditions such as hormonal level, toxins, and diseases.

Adverse effects:

Even though the moisturizers have some advantages, there are some drawbacks. Moisturizers sometimes may cause allergic reactions to some of its components, skin irritation, characterized by redness, itching, burning and pricking sensations, or even may cause a contrary effect to the desired like dehydration. It may show enhanced dis-advantages if used near sensitive spots, such as the eyes, lips and genitals. Use of plant extracts, some alcohols and proteins increase the danger of adverse effects.


Skin Moisturizers For Different Skin Types:

Oily Skin:
The moisturizers for patients with oily skin should be oil-free.

Dry Skin:
There are a small percentage of people who actually have dry skin on their face; these people will be dry on the cheeks and jaw line. Many of these people work outside in rough environments and conditions as well as they are older in age. These people using a creamy moisturizer in a lotion or cream. Non-sensitive skin people can use any kind of moisturizer they feel.

Normal - Combination Skin:
Most people have oily skin on the forehead, nose, and chin also, and dryer skin on the cheeks and neck. During the humidity is low; it may be necessary to moisturize the face. The most prudent of patients, male or female, will select a moisturizer, which contains a minimum SPF of 15 in it for daily use. These products prevent photo aging and skin cancer.

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